'''''Duel Monsters''''', known as '''''Magic and Wizards''''' (マジック{{Ruby|＆|アンド}}ウィザーズ or {{Ruby|Ｍ＆Ｗ|マジックアンドウィザーズ}}, ''Majikku ando Wizāzu'') in the Japanese version and earlier English printings, is a card game played in the [[Yu-Gi-Oh! (manga)|''Yu-Gi-Oh!'' manga]]. This very first incarnation of ''[[Duel Monsters]]'' served as the basis for many of the real life variations to follow, including the ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! Official Card Game]]'' (''OCG'') and ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game]]'' (''TCG'').

This is Originally debuting when the very first incarnation manga had an episodic format and featured a different game nearly every week, the popularity of ''[[Duel Monsters]]'' and served as among readers caused it to become the basis for many of main game played throughout the variations to followseries. In-universe, including the ''Duel Monsters'' was invented by [[Yu-Gi-Oh! Official Card GameMaximillion J. Pegasus (manga)|Maximillion J. Pegasus]]'' and as a means of reintroducing ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card GameDiaha]]''- battles played in ancient Egypt using monsters sealed in stone slabs - to the modern world.

The rules described on this page are used throughout the ''Duel MonstersYu-Gi-Oh!'' debuted when the manga had an episodic format and featured a different game nearly every week. However due to its popularity among readers, it ended up becoming the main game played throughout the series. In-universe, ''Duel Monsters[[Yu-Gi-Oh! R]]'' was invented by manga series. While the [[Maximillion J. Pegasus Yu-Gi-Oh! GX (manga)|Maximillion J. Pegasus''Yu-Gi-Oh! GX'' manga]], as a means of reintroducing and ''[[DiahaYu-Gi-Oh! The Dark Side of Dimensions]]'' are each considered to be continuations of the ''Yu-Gi-Oh!'' manga, they instead use rules more closely resembling the ''OCG''. Later manga series also use rules more closely resembling the ''OCG'', battles played in ancient Egypt using monsters sealed in stone slabsuse a different Japanese name for the game, and establish no direct connection to the modern worldoriginal ''Yu-Gi-Oh!'' series.

It is possible for a card to have multiple card types. , e.g. "[[Graverobber (manga)|Graverobber]]" is a Trap/Spell Card.<ref name="d 123" />

Family ({{Ruby|系|けい}}), unnamed in the English manga, was a division term used for various categories of monstermonsters.<ref name="d 10" /> It might be a common termThey are mostly Types, referring to both Type while Fire is an Attribute and Attribute, as all families are also demonstrated Beast-Warrior is not explicitly stated to be Types or Attributesanything else.

* Attributes:** [[FIRE|Fire]] ({{Ruby|火|ひ}})<ref name="d 61" />* Types:** [[Beast-Warrior]] ({{Ruby|獣|じゅう}}{{Ruby|戦|せん}}{{Ruby|士|し}})<ref name="d 10" />** [[Zombie|Undead]] (アンデット)<ref name="d 10" /><ref name="d 61" /> As a Type, the English manga refers to it as "Zombie".<ref name="d 62" />** [[Fiend|Demon Magic]] ({{Ruby|悪|あく}}{{Ruby|魔|ま}}, called literally "FiendDemon Magic" in the English manga)<ref name="d 10" /> As a Type, the English manga refers to it as "Demon" and "Devil".<ref name="d 62" />*[[FIRE|Fire]] ({{Ruby|火|ひ}})<ref name="d 61" />* [[Black Magic]] ({{Ruby|黒|くろ}}{{Ruby|魔|ま}}, called "Spellcaster" in the English manga)<ref name="d 62" />** [[Warrior]] ({{Ruby|戦|せん}}{{Ruby|士|し}})<ref name="d 69">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|69|ref}}</ref><ref name="d 78">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|78|ref}}</ref><ref name="d 89">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|89|ref}}</ref>** [[Knight (Type)|Knight]] ({{Ruby|騎|き}}{{Ruby|士|し}})<ref name="d 78" />

* [[Thunder (Alignment)THUNDER|Lightning]] ({{Ruby|雷|いかずち}})<ref name="d 61" />or {{Ruby|雷|かみなり}}<ref name="d 66" />)

* [[Forest (Alignment)WOOD|Wood]] ({{Ruby|木|き}}),<ref name="d 66" /> later called Forest ({{Ruby|森|もり}})<refname="r 8">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh! R|8|ref}}</ref>

Attributes can be strong and weak against other Attributes. What happens when monster of opposing Attributes battle is inconsistent. Sometimes the monster of the weaker Attribute loses half its ATK.<ref name="d 61" /> Sometimes the weaker monster loses 300 ATK.<ref name="d 86" /><ref name="d 96">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|96|ref}}</ref> More often, nothing happens.* Lightning is strong against Water.<ref name="d 61" /><ref name="d 96" />* Water is strong against Fire.<ref name="d 96" />* "[[Battle Ox (manga)|Battle Ox]]" is strong against Fire.<ref name="d 86" /> If monsters of incompatible Attributes are fused, for example a Light and Dark monster are fused, Attribute repulsion (属性反発{{Ruby|属|ぞく}}{{Ruby|性|せい}}{{Ruby|反|はん}}{{Ruby|発|ぱつ}}) occurs and the Fusion Monster corrodes,<ref name="d 104" /> causing it to lose [[ATK]] equal to that of the weaker fusion material monster each turn.<ref name="d 105">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|105|ref}}</ref>

{{Multiple image| image1 = Four Types of Magic-Users - Japanese.png| image2 = Four Types of Magic-Users - English.png| total_width = 400| footer = The strengths and weaknesses of the four types of Magic Users being explained, in Japanese and English}}[[Type]] ({{Ruby|族|ぞく}}) is another division of monster. In the English manga, Type is sometimes called "Class".<ref name="d 37" />

* [[Magical Knight]] ({{Ruby|魔|ま}}{{Ruby|導|どう}}{{Ruby|騎|き}}{{Ruby|士|し}}, ; called "Warrior" in the English manga<ref name="d 37" />, which is also the name of a different Type<ref name="d 66" />)

* [[Dragon]] (ドラゴン,<ref name="d 61" /><ref name="d 66" /><ref name="d 148">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|148|ref}}</ref><ref name="d 259">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|259|ref}}</ref><ref name="d 260">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|260|ref}}</ref>) sometimes {{Ruby|竜|りゅう}}<ref name="d 92">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|92|ref}}</ref>)

* [[Magic-User (Type)|Magic]] ({{Ruby|魔|ま}}, also referred to as "Magic User")<ref name="d 94" /><ref name="r 8" />

** [[Fiend|Demon Magic]] ({{Ruby|悪|あく}}{{Ruby|魔|ま}}, split into literally "DemonMagic" ; also referred to as "Demons and "DevilDevils" in the English manga)<ref name="d 62" />** [[Illusion Magic|Illusion Magic]] <ref name="d 129">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|129|ref}}</ref> ({{Ruby|幻|げん}}{{Ruby|想|そう}}{{Ruby|魔|ま}}, literally "Illusion Magic"; also called "IllusionistIllusionists"in the English manga<ref name="d 62" /> or "Illusion"<ref name="d 129">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|129|ref}}</ref> in the English manga)

* [[Daemon (Type)|Daemon]] (デーモン, ; called "Fiend" in the English manga.,<ref name="d 62" /> Although although "Fiend" was also used for "Demon Magic", 悪魔.{{Ruby|悪|あく}}{{Ruby|魔|ま}})

* [[Immortal (manga)|Immortal]] ({{Ruby|不|ふ}}{{Ruby|死|し}}, ; English manga mentions "Zombie" in its place.<ref name="d 66" />)

* [[Wild Beast]] ({{Ruby|野|や}}{{Ruby|獣|じゅう}}, ; English manga mentions "Beast-Warrior" in its place)<ref name="d 66" /><ref name="d 69" />

* [[Knight (Type)|Knight]] ({{Ruby|騎|き}}{{Ruby|士|し}}, ; English manga groups "Warrior" and "Knight" together as "Warrior")<ref name="d 66" /><ref name="d 92" /><ref name="d 94" /><ref name="d 169" /><ref name="d 181" />* [[Fishman-Beast]] ({{Ruby|魚|ぎょ}}{{Ruby|人|じん}}{{Ruby|獣|じゅう}}, ; English manga mentions [[Fish]] in its place)<ref name="d 66" />

* [[Machine]] ({{Ruby|機|き}}{{Ruby|械|かい}}<ref name="d 92" /><ref name="d 247">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|247|ref}}</ref> or {{Ruby|機械|マシーン}})<ref name="d 120">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|120|ref}}</ref>)* [[Gadget (Type)|Gadget]] (ガジェット)<ref name="d 339">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|339|ref}}</ref>

** See also the [[#God card|God card]] section below.** The term "[[Divine-Beast|God-Beast]]" ({{Ruby|幻|げん}}{{Ruby|神|しん}}{{Ruby|獣|じゅう}}) has been mentioned in the context of the [[Egyptian God]]s, without specifically mentioning "Type".<ref name="d 147">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|147|ref}}</ref> Despite having a dedicated Type, one of the God cards, "[[Slifer the Sky Dragon (manga)|Slifer the Sky Dragon]]", was said to be Dragon-Type, affecting the ATK of "[[Buster Blader (manga)|Buster Blader]]".<refname="d 173">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|173|ref}}</ref>

=====God card=====A '''God card''' ({{Ruby|神|かみ}}カード ''Kami kādo'') is a special class of monster, used by the [[Egyptian God]]s ({{Ruby|幻|げん}}{{Ruby|神|しん}} ''Genshin'', literally "Illusion Gods") and the [[Wicked God]]s ({{Ruby|邪|じゃ}}{{Ruby|神|しん}} ''Jashin''). Throughout the [[Yu-Gi-Oh! (manga)|''Yu-Gi-Oh!'' manga]], the cards are referred to by the designation "God card". In ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! R]]'', they are said to belong to the Standard Rules:God Type. The following rules apply to God cards.* Fire-Family is strong against BeastThree sacrifices are required to Sacrifice Summon them.<ref name="d 61172" />* Fire{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Attribute is strong against Dinosaur.Oh!|172|ref}}</ref name="d 78" />* Black Magic is strong against White Magic(In the Standard Rules, they can be Summoned without sacrifices.)<ref name="d 62148" />* White Magic is strong against Demon MagicThe God cards possess a [[Hierarchy]], where God cards are unaffected by the effects of God cards with a lower Hierarchy.<ref name="d 62275" />* Demon Magic is strong against Illusion Magic.{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|275|ref}}</ref name="d 62" />* Illusion Magic is strong against Black MagicThe effects of Spell Cards can only last for a single turn on them.<ref name="d 62" />

* [[Magic (Type)|Magician ]] ({{Ruby|魔|ま}}{{Ruby|術|じゅつ}}{{Ruby|師|し}} <ref name="d 342">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|342|ref}}</ref> or {{Ruby|魔術師|マジシャン}}<ref name="d 260" />, referred to as Spellcaster-Type in the English manga<ref name="d 342" />)** [[Black Magic]]ian ({{Ruby|黒|くろ}}{{Ruby|魔|ま}}{{Ruby|術|じゅつ}}{{Ruby|師|し}}, referred to as "Spellcaster-type" in the English manga)<ref name="d 164">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|164|ref}}</ref>

If a [[Spell Card]] produces non-physical monsters, that card and all the monsters it Summoned can be used as a sacrifice for a [[Tribute Summon|Sacrifice Summon]]. The number of monsters Summoned count as the number of sacrifices. e.g. If "[[Jam Breeding Machine (manga)|Jam Breeding Machine]]" produces 3 "[[Slime (manga)|Slimes]]", the "Jam Breeding Machine" will count as 3 sacrifices for the Sacrifice Summon and the "Slimes" will all be sacrificed with it.<ref name="d 172">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|172|ref}}</ref>

During the [[Duelist Kingdom (manga)|Duelist Kingdom]] tournament, different zones that monsters are played in can have different fields. These fields were automatically in effect, depending on what area of the [[Duelist Kingdom (island)|island]] players Dueled in.<ref name="d 65" />

* [[Meadow|Grassland]], also known or Sogen ({{Ruby|草|そう}}{{Ruby|原|げん}}) ,<ref name="d 66" /> strengthens the Fire Attribute and the [[Wild Beast]], [[Warrior]], and [[Knight (Type)|Knight]] Types.<ref name="d 66" />

* [[Ocean]] also known as ,<ref name="d 66" /> Sea <ref name="d 72" /> or Umi ({{Ruby|海|うみ}}) , and Lake ({{Ruby|湖|みずうみ}}),<ref name="d 66" /> strengthens the Water Attribute and the [[Fishman-Beast]] and [[Sea Serpent]] Types.<ref name="d 66" />

A hidden monster is generally out of range of attacksand effects. But effects may be used to allow other monsters to reach them.* [[Thunder (Alignment)THUNDER|Lightning]]-Attribute attacks can be used on bodies of water to attack monsters hidden inside.<ref name="d 72" />

[[Warrior]], [[Knight (Type)|Knight]], [[Magic-User(Type)|Magic]], and [[Beast]]-[[Type]] are examples of monsters that are typically ground units.<ref name="d 94" /><ref group="note">In the English manga, Warrior, Beast-Warrior and Spellcaster are used as examples instead.</ref>

* [[Summon]], [[activateActivate]] or [[Set]] one card from their hand of each type; MonsterSpell, Spell or Trap, etc.<ref name="d 10" /><ref name="d 153" /><ref name="d 210">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|210|ref}}</ref>* Monsters can be [[Normal Summon]]ed <ref name="r 9">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh! R|9|ref}}</ref> one monster from the hand in [[face-up]] [[Attack Position|Attack]] or [[Defense Position|Defense Mode]].<ref name="d 9" /> Attack Mode is vertical. Defense Mode is horizontal.<ref name="d 10" />

A '''Labyrinth Duel''' is played on a 9×9 grid with a number of squares removed from each corner.<ref name="d 92" /> When "[[Labyrinth Wall (manga)|Labyrinth Wall]]" is played, it is placed outside of the grid. It causes walls to be added along some of the squares, and a ceiling to be added over them, restricting movement as monsters cannot move through walls or the ceiling. For convenience, the ceiling is not visible to the players.<ref name="d 93">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|93|ref}}</ref><ref name="d 94" />

* When a monster moves, its card remains in the square it was originally played in, while the monster itself is in whatever square it was moved to. When playing with holograms, a monster's current position is marked by its hologram.<ref name="d 94" />

During the [[Battle City (manga)|Battle City]] tournament, cards that directly [[damage]] a player, such as "[[Hinotama (manga)|Hinotama]]" and "[[Meteor of Destruction (manga)|Meteor of Destruction]]" or directly destroy a monster, such as "[[Raigeki (manga)|Raigeki]]", are Banned.<ref name="d 191">{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|191|ref}}</ref><ref name="d 192"/> This only includes cards that can immediately cause damage, while cards that inflict damage after a condition is met, such as "[[Mask of Accursed (manga)|Mask of Accursed]]" are allowed.<ref name="d 186" />

The '''Super Expert Rules''' (スーパーエキスパート・ルール ''Sūpā Ekisupāto Rūru'') were introduced in the [[Battle City (manga)|Battle City]] tournament. They are based on the Standard Rules, contain additional rules and alter previous ones. The Expert rules do not apply in Super Expert.

* Cards have been brought to life by [[Millennium Items (manga)|Millennium Item]] holders through use of [[Shadow Game]]s.<ref name="d 9" /> The Shadow Game's players can see the conjured monsters or effects of cards,<ref name="d 9" /><ref>{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|60|ref}}</ref> but spectators cannot.<ref>{{chapter|Yu-Gi-Oh!|61|ref}}</ref>

At the village, [[Kul Elna]], Pegasus failed to bargain with [[Shadi Shin|Shadi]] for the safety of a [[Millennium Ring thief|a thief]] who was to persecuted for his attempt to steal the [[Millennium Ring (manga)|Millennium Ring]]. Pegasus spied on the thief being put on trial to see if he was chosen by the Ring. However the Ring rejected the thief as a host, burning him to death in the process. Pegasus was caught spying on the ritual and not permitted to leave unless he became bearer of a [[Millennium Items (manga)|Millennium Item]]. For his trial, Pegasus had his left eye was cut out and the [[Millennium Eye (manga)|Millennium Eye]] inserted into in its socket. The Eye accepted Pegasus and showed him an apparition of Cyndia.<ref name="d 132" />

Battle Boxes were used during [[Death-T]] and [[Duelist Kingdom (manga)|Duelist Kingdom]].

[[Duel Disk]]s were developed later by KaibaCorp as a more upgraded means of Dueling that the Battle Boxes. Kaiba was in some part incentivized to develop them having witnessed the mind-reading abilities that the [[Millennium Eye (manga)|Millennium Eye]] granted Pegasus. The Duel Disks required players to stand at least 5 meters apart, which Kaiba hoped would be enough to put him out of Pegasus' [[Mind Scan]]'s range. Unlike Battle Boxes the Duel Disks used [[Solid Vision]], which created life-sized projections<ref name="d 85" /> and were considered to be much more realistic than the holograms used by the Battle Boxes.<ref name="d 133" />

The [[Yu-Gi-Oh! (manga)|''Yu-Gi-Oh!'' manga]] originally featured many different games, which rarely appeared more than once. ''Duel Monsters'' was initially meant to only feature in two chapters.,<ref name="vol 30 foreward">{{volume|Yu-Gi-Oh!|30|ref}}; foreward</ref> as a game based on ''[[wikipedia:Magic: The Gathering|Magic: The Gathering]]''.<ref>''Weekly Shōnen Jump'' [[Weekly Shonen Jump 1996, issue 51|1996 #51]]</ref> However, [[Shueisha]], the publisher of the ''[[Weekly Shōnen Jump]]'' magazine, received so many letters and fan-mail asking about the game that [[Kazuki Takahashi]] was encouraged to extend it.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.timeforkids.com/TFK/kids/news/story/0,28277,388900,00.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070714203100/https://www.timeforkids.com/TFK/kids/news/story/0,28277,388900,00.html | title = Kazuki Takahashi, Yu-Gi-Oh! creator | author = Lisa Takeuchi Cullen | website = Time for Kids | date = November 8, 2002 | archive-date = July 14, 2007 | accessdate = June 12, 2023}}</ref>