Template:Dts

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Dts (date time sorting) is used to correctly sort and display dates in a sortable table (see Help:Sorting).

What it solves

Dates in their customary formats, if simply treated as alphanumeric text strings, sort in nonsensical ways:

• 1 August 2013 sorts alphanumerically before 5 March 1967, because 1 is less than 5;
• February 5, 1922 sorts alphanumerically before January 3, 1922, because F comes before J.

Use of the YYYY-MM-DD format would solve this problem, but with minor exceptions that format is not used in articles (see WP:DATEFORMAT).

This template automatically attaches a "hidden key" to dates, causing them to sort correctly while still being displayed in one of the customary display formats such as February 5, 1922 or 5 Feb 1922.

Parameters

Dates

The year, month and day can either be entered separately or as a single date.

{{dts|year|month|day|BC}}

{{dts|date}}

1st parameter – Year (optional if month is given) Positive number (1 to 999,999,999,999) represent years AD or BC (dependant on the fourth parameter). Negative numbers (−1 to −999,999,999,999) represent years BC (without the fourth parameter). Year numbers must not contain commas or other formatting. 2nd parameter – Month (optional if the day is not given either) Full month name – e.g. February Abbreviated month name – e.g. Feb Month number – (either zero-padded or not) e.g. 2 or 02 3rd parameter – Day (optional) Day number – (either zero-padded or not) e.g. 7 or 07 4th parameter – (optional) May be BC, AD, BCE or CE Used with a positive year number

1st parameter – the full date By default YYYY-MM-DD format becomes month-day-year format while other formats remain in the order they are input. Abbreviated months are accepted and are abbreviated in the output. Capitalisation and comma mistakes are corrected. A single number is interpreted as a year, otherwise the date is parsed by the module. The following formats are accepted: YYYY-MM-DD DD-MM-YYYY DD Month YYYY Month DD, YYYY YYYY-MM DD Month Month DD Month YYYY YYYY Month Day and month numbers may be 1 or 2 digits, and year numbers may only be 3 or 4 digits. If you need to input a number less than 1000, use leading zeroes (e.g. "0700"). BC years can only be parsed if the date is only the year number. If you need to include the day or month for BC years or years greater than 9999, you must use separate parameters for year, month and day.

Examples

input style	input code	hidden sort key	visible output
{{dts|year}}	1893}}		1893
	-89}}		89 BC
	-10000}}		10,000 BC
{{dts|month}}	Oct}}		Oct
{{dts|month year}}	February 1767}}		February 1767
{{dts|day month year}}	12 Aug 1987}}		12 Aug 1987
{{dts|month day, year}}	July 1, 1867}}		July 1, 1867
{{dts|day month}}	25 October}}		25 October
{{dts|month day}}	Jan 1}}		Jan 1
{{dts|YYYY-MM-DD}}	2014-12-09}}		December 9, 2014
{{dts|year|month}}	1990|10}}		October 1990
	1980|Dec}}		Dec 1980
	1970|August}}		August 1970
{{dts|year|month|day}}	2024|Jun|12}}		Jun 12, 2024
	-204|11|22}}		November 22, 204 BC
{{dts|year|month|day|era}}	44|3|15|BC}}		March 15, 44 BC
	94|Oct|17|AD}}		Oct 17, 94
{{dts|month}}	{{dts	May}}		May
{{dts|month|day}}	{{dts	12}}		Sep 12

Formatting

Using format produces a format that depends on, but is not necessarily equal to the format of the supplied date. The format parameter can take nine values.

Examples

value	function	input code	hidden sort key	visible output
	format depends on the input	26 Jan 1788}}		26 Jan 1788
		March 12, 1557}}		March 12, 1557
		1975-02-13}}		February 13, 1975
dmy	displays the date in day-month-year format	Sep 13, 1888|format=dmy}}		13 Sep 1888
		1983-01-03|format=dmy}}		3 January 1983
dm	displays only the day and month in day-month format	Feb 26, 1788|format=dm}}		26 Feb
		2020-10-15|format=dm}}		15 October
mdy	displays the date in month-day-year format	August 31, 1901|format=mdy}}		August 31, 1901
		2006-11-08|format=mdy}}		November 8, 2006
md	displays only the day and month in month-day format	26 Jun 1988|format=md}}		Jun 26
		2002-02-27|format=md}}		February 27
my	displays only the month and year in month-year format	16 November 1488|format=my}}		November 1488
d	displays only the day	6 July 1666|format=d}}		6
m	displays only the month	1980-02-12|format=m}}		February
y	displays only the year	-26|Jan|18|format=y}}		26 BC
hide	hides the date	15 October 1800|format=hide}}

Abbreviation

There are two ways of abbreviating the month name.

1. Directly input an abbreviated month name.
2. Use the abbr=on parameter.

Examples

abbreviation method	input code	hidden sort key	visible output
none	2000-01-01}}		January 1, 2000
	2000|1|1}}		January 1, 2000
	1 January 2000}}		1 January 2000
	2000|January|1}}		January 1, 2000
abbreviated input	1 Jan 2000}}		1 Jan 2000
	2000|Jan|1}}		Jan 1, 2000
abbr=on	1 January 2000|abbr=on}}		1 Jan 2000
	2000|January|1|abbr=on}}		Jan 1, 2000
	2000-01-01|abbr=on}}		Jan 1, 2000
	2000|1|1|abbr=on}}		Jan 1, 2000

Additional sort key

In case two dates in a table are identical they may be ordered using the addkey parameter.

Examples

input code	hidden sort key	visible output
2010-10-10|addkey=3}}		October 10, 2010
2010-10-09}}		October 9, 2010
2010-10-10|addkey=1}}		October 10, 2010
2010-10-10}}		October 10, 2010
2010-10-10|addkey=4}}		October 10, 2010
2010-10-11}}		October 11, 2010
2010-10-10|addkey=2}}		October 10, 2010

Wrapping

To turn off the suppression of word wraps, use the nowrap=off parameter.

TemplateData

<templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "Full date or year", "description": "Full date if second to fourth parameters are not specfied, otherwise year. Full date can be either in \"YYYY-MM-DD\", \"DD-MM-YYYY\", \"DD Month YYYY\", \"Month DD, YYYY\", \"YYYY-MM\", \"DD Month\", \"Month DD\", \"Month YYYY\" or \"Month\" format. Year is either a positive number or a negative number. If fourth parameter is not specified negative numbers are interpreted as years of BC era. Parameter is optional if the second parameter is specified.", "example": "\"1893\", \"-89\", \"-10000\", \"Oct\", \"February 1767\", \"12 Aug 1987\", \"July 1, 1867\", \"25 October\", \"Jan 1\", \"2014-12-09\"", "type": "string" }, "2": { "label": "Month", "description": "Full or abbreviated month name or alternatively, a month number which can be zero-padded. Parameter is optional if the third parameter is not specified.", "example": "February, Feb, 2 or 02", "type": "string" }, "3": { "label": "Day", "description": "Day, optionally zero-padded", "example": "7 or 07", "type": "number" }, "4": { "label": "Era", "description": "BC, AD, BCE or CE. Takes effect only if the first parameter is a postive number.", "type": "string" }, "format": { "label": "Format", "description": "Controls the output format. Can be \"dmy\", \"dm\", \"mdy\", \"md\", \"my\", \"d\", \"m\", \"y\" or \"hide\".", "type": "string" }, "abbr": { "label": "Abbreviation", "description": "Abbreviates the month name", "example": "on", "type": "string", "default": "off" }, "addkey": { "label": "Additional sort key", "description": "Adds another sort key to resolve conflicts between rows with the same date", "example": "3", "type": "number" }, "nowrap": { "label": "Wrapping", "description": "To turn off the suppression of word wraps, use the \"off\" parameter", "example": "off", "type": "string" } }, "description": "Dts is used to correctly sort and display dates in a sortable table." } </templatedata>

Notes

Sorting for incomplete dates

Whole months or years

A whole year or month (and year) is sorted according to its first day.

Missing years

If the year is not specified, the date will be sorted as if the year were the current year.

Blank dates

For no date input at all, the maximum possible sort key is used, so the entry will sort last.

Error handling

Entering an invalid date format will (generally) produce an error message such as the one below.

Errors are tracked in Category:Dts templates with errors.

Calendar choice

The template is not capable of distinguishing Julian and Gregorian calendar dates. Also, it is not capable of taking a date in one calendar as input and outputting a date in the other calendar. Thus, to insure proper sorting, editors must either use one calendar for all dates, or pick a specific changeover date (for example, deciding that 4 October 1582 is Julian and all later dates are Gregorian); this would be done on an article-by article basis. Editors are also responsible for explaining to the reader whether the visible dates are Julian or Gregorian, if there is any possibility of confusion.

Linking

The template formerly linked dates automatically, with link=off used to suppress linking. In accordance with current guidelines linking of dates is no longer supported and instances of link=off should be removed. Transclusions using the |link= parameter are tracked in Category:Dts templates with deprecated parameters.

See also

• m:Template:dts (backlinks edit), since on Meta e.g. 09999 9999 induces numeric sort mode, "&" is prefixed to force string sort mode.
• {{sort}}, sorting by a specified key (also good for complicated numbers, e.g. scientific notation)
• {{sortname}}, full name sorting (using "last name, first name" as default sort key)
• {{tts}}, for sorting times in result tables of athletic events (only needed in certain cases - see template documentation)
• {{nts}}, for numbers

The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Dts/doc. (edit | history)
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